Yesterday, at the 46th outbreak prevention and control news conference held in Guangzhou, Zhong Nanshan, leader of the high-level expert group of the National Health and Medical Commission and academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, said that collective immunization cannot be used to respond to the COVID-19 epidemic, and there is no evidence of infection The COVID-19 virus is immune once.
At the same time, he believes that the source and the epidemic are not the same. The COVID-19 epidemic occurred in Wuhan, which does not mean that the source was in Wuhan. The epidemic occurred in China, and the source may not necessarily be in China. "It's a scientific question. It's irresponsible to draw a conclusion before you figure it out."
In addition, Zhong Nanshan also expressed his views on the virus characteristics of COVID-19, drug treatment, and prevention and control of foreign epidemics.
Talk about collective immunity
Cannot solve problems by collective immunization
Zhong Zhongshan believes that collective immunization cannot solve the problem. Collective immunization requires 70% of the population to be infected once, but there is no evidence that any coronavirus will never get it again after an infection. So producing an effective vaccine is an important task and requires international cooperation.
Talk about drug treatment
没有 There are currently no specific drugs, and a summary of chloroquine use will be published next week.
Zhong Zhongshan said that up to now, there is still no specific treatment for this virus. Once COVID-19 develops into critical illness, treatment can be very difficult. "We found some disease characteristics, but there was no good solution."
Zhong Zhongshan revealed that COVID-19 is currently being tested with chloroquine. "An experiment in Belgium in 2004 showed that chloroquine is effective in killing coronavirus. And chloroquine is an old medicine and very safe."
He said that a summary of chloroquine use will be published next week. "At present, the chloroquine's negative effect on the virus is about 4 days on average, which is faster than ordinary drugs, but further summary is needed."
"At the same time, we are also conducting tests on Redecive. In addition, traditional Chinese medicine has certain effects on reducing symptoms and accelerating recovery. Results in the laboratory have been published, and clinical effects are currently being summarized." Zhong Nanshan said, overall For example, although there is no specific method, there are already some methods to accelerate the recovery of the disease and prevent the development of critical illness.
Talk about the characteristics of the virus
Different mortality rates due to different intervention methods in different countries
Zhong Zhongshan said that the COVID-19 virus is a brand new virus that we have not faced. It is more infectious than SARS and MERS and has a high mortality rate compared to influenza. Worldwide, the mortality rate ranges from 7% to a few tenths of a percent. This is due to the different effects of national interventions.
COVID-19 virus is mainly transmitted through the respiratory tract, but not only from the respiratory tract to the respiratory tract, but also through pollutants and inhaled from pollutants, including feces.
Talking about the prevention and control of foreign epidemics
控制 Controlling from the source is the oldest and most effective
Zhong Zhongshan pointed out that the outbreak will bring many problems, such as the shortage of medical resources in Italy. "It is the oldest and most effective way to control all infectious diseases from the source. It is my opinion that all countries do this."
Europe is now at the beginning of the first epidemic situation. Zhong Nanshan suggested that prevention and control should be more active, and patients should not be controlled until they have symptoms. Isolate relevant close contact groups as soon as possible to avoid the epidemic from further expanding.
"My point of view is that a confirmed case is found in a place, and close contacts should be isolated even if they have no symptoms. Don't let him be transmitted to others. The family members and contacts of people with symptoms should be checked and not wait for the epidemic situation. It will be more difficult to get bigger and bigger. "Zhong Nanshan said that if a country does not intervene vigorously, the COVID-19 epidemic will not disappear. All nations must act.
Talk about external defense input
强 Strong infectivity can not relax in imported cases
A reporter asked a question. There are fewer and fewer patients in China, but more and more in the world. With reference to China's experience, how to evaluate Japan's current measures for epidemic prevention and control, are there any relevant suggestions?
Zhong Zhongshan said that China's use of the world's strongest intervention method has steadily reduced the number of patients with COVID-19. China took strong measures from January 23 to take measures such as joint prevention and control. After reaching its peak in two weeks, the number of patients went down. But at present, there are more imported cases in China.
Japan has done a better job in epidemic protection, but it is recommended that Japan pay attention to imported cases. Most countries are now in the first period of imported cases. New patients are highly contagious. Many people have no symptoms but are contagious. Especially in countries with high prevalence, more attention should be paid to imported cases.
China has isolation measures, nucleic acid inspection methods, and auxiliary methods such as igM and igG antibody detection. For input cases, it is mainly based on nucleic acid detection, and sampling and detection of nasal swabs and throat swabs should be done well. There are already 7 imported cases in Guangzhou, and sometimes they are very infectious, so we cannot relax about this.
On China's Defense Control Experience
Contain high epidemic areas, joint prevention and control in other areas
Zhong Zhongshan said that the source and the place where the epidemic occurred were not the same thing.
"The COVID-19 epidemic occurred in Wuhan, which does not mean that the source is in Wuhan. This is a scientific problem. It is irresponsible to draw conclusions before clarifying. The epidemic occurred in China, and the source may not be in China. China has improved a lot "Especially for the virus family and the evolution of the virus, there will be answers (through research) in the future."
Zhong Zhongshan said that China has learned how to prevent and control through practice, that is, to take strong intervention. "Highly infectious outbreaks are exponential outbreaks, with RO (transmission index) close to 3, which is higher than diseases such as influenza. In this case, suppressing the disease in the central area of the outbreak, slowing down the spread of the disease and making the central area Being passive is a very important move. "
He said that China's experience lies in controlling the upstream, enclosing areas where the epidemic is high, and doing joint prevention and control in other areas. At present, these measures have proven effective.
"The core of joint defense and joint control lies in 'early protection'. Japan and South Korea have done a good job, such as attending less meetings, staying home more, and wearing more masks; 'early detection', see a doctor if you are not comfortable; 'early diagnosis', I came back from Wuhan Soon after, the CDC sent the nucleic acid test to the hospital, which is very useful for early detection and early diagnosis. In some countries, the time is relatively long, as long as three or four weeks, and the time is not waiting for others. Isolate early. "Zhong Nanshan said.
Talk about vaccine development
China is stepping up vaccine development in five directions
Zhong Nanshan said that China currently has five directions for vaccine research and development: first, whole virus vaccines, such as the 2009 H1N1 vaccine; second, nucleic acid vaccines; the United States is conducting preliminary safety tests on humans; China is conducting the first phase of clinical trials; Adenovirus as a carrier vaccine; Fourth, genetic engineering protein vaccine; Fifth, influenza as a carrier vaccine.
He said that China's R & D of these five vaccines is very tight. "Guangdong is currently developing a nucleic acid vaccine, is doing animal experiments, and also has an adenovirus as a vector vaccine. It is working hard day and night, hoping to make great progress in two to three months."
Talk about improving resistance
Do n’t overeat, breakfast is important
Regarding how ordinary people improve their resistance and how to promote national health, Zhong Nanshan said that health is the capital of one's work, and health requires investment. "I can still do something now, the key is to rely on a healthy body."
Zhong Zhongshan believes that to maintain a healthy body, exercise is the first element, and the second is a good mentality. "I have always believed that half of the health is mental health, and half of the illness is mental illness." "I have experienced many ordeals and my mind is stable." In addition, Zhong Nanshan said that it is very important that you do not eat too much.
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