Recently, researcher Yang Guangyu from Shanghai Jiaotong University and Professor Mingzhao Xing from Southern University of Science and Technology led an important post on MedRxiv, a medical preprint website. They investigated 2173 COVID-19 patients in three hospitals in Wuhan and Shenzhen, and found that type A bloodstream infections The risk of COVID-19 virus is relatively higher, and the risk of blood group O is relatively low, suggesting an important way to distinguish susceptibility by blood type.
Although factors such as age and lifestyle have been found to be related to susceptibility, researchers are still looking for objective, intuitive, and quantifiable biomarkers to predict the sensitivity of human cells to the COVID-19 virus. The ABO blood group system may be sufficient to serve as this sort of early warning signal. Different blood types are distinguished by antigenic determinants on the surface of red blood cells. For example, type A blood only expresses antigen A, type B blood expresses only antigen B. Both antigens are type AB and neither type O.
Previous studies have shown that human susceptibility to certain viruses is indeed related to blood type: for example, Norwalk virus and hepatitis B virus infection have obvious blood group specificity; among patients with SARS, the possibility of SARS-CoV infection in people with blood type O Sex is lower. Therefore, researchers have begun to explore the relationship between ABO blood group and COVID-19 susceptibility in patients.
The researchers recruited a total of 1775 COVID-19 patients from Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, and found that type A blood accounted for 37.75%, type B blood accounted for 26.42%, type AB blood accounted for 10.03%, and type O blood accounted for 25.80%; and in 3694 Among the normal population, type A blood accounts for 32.16%, type B blood accounts for 24.90%, type AB blood accounts for 9.10%, and type O blood accounts for 33.84%.
The researchers compared the two groups of data and found that the risk of COVID-19 was significantly higher in the blood group A, and the risk was significantly lower in the blood group O. Based on this, the researchers performed a meta-analysis of 398 patients from Wuhan University People's Hospital and Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, confirming that the susceptibility of the ABO blood group is consistent with the trends found in previous samples.
The results of this study are similar to those found by Cheng and others during the SARS period in Hong Kong medical staff with the lowest risk of type O infection; Patrice and others explored the mechanism behind the correlation between blood type and susceptibility to coronavirus and found that the anti-A Antibodies, which can inhibit the binding of the S protein on the surface of SARS-CoV to the ACE2 receptor, partially explain the susceptibility of blood group A.
This study first reported a potential biomarker of COVID-19, clarifying the correlation between susceptibility and ABO blood type, suggesting that blood type A populations are relatively susceptible to the four blood types, and corresponding healthy individuals should be well protected COVID-19 patients should also receive more intensive medical monitoring; the connection between blood type and susceptibility and the underlying mechanism need to be further explained!
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